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The European Union's potential for strategic emissions trading in a post-Kyoto climate agreement
Discussion Papers no. 530
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The European Union's potential for strategic emissions trading in a post-Kyoto climate agreement
Discussion Papers no. 530
The literature suggests that Russia and Ukraine may become large sellers of greenhouse gas emissions permits under the Kyoto Protocol and might exploit their market power to maximize trading profits. The EU countries taken together will p...
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Shifts in organizational form under a dual income tax system
Discussion Papers no. 529
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Shifts in organizational form under a dual income tax system
Discussion Papers no. 529
Evidence of owners of small businesses engaging in tax motivated shifts in organizational form is scarce. The main reason is lack of micro data enabling us to track tax-payers' movements across organizational modes. By exploiting new pane...
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The effects of an upper secondary education reform on the attainment of immigrant youth
Discussion Papers no. 528
Publikasjon -
The effects of an upper secondary education reform on the attainment of immigrant youth
Discussion Papers no. 528
The national Norwegian school reform of 1994, which gave statutory right to at least three years of upper secondary education, had a significant impact on educational attainment among immigrant youth. In particular, we find that the immig...
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How do Spot prices affect aggregate electricity demand?
Discussion Papers no. 527
Publikasjon -
How do Spot prices affect aggregate electricity demand?
Discussion Papers no. 527
All participants in power exchanges are interested in market responses when electricity prices change because this influences the profitability of actions. Contrary to most econometric work in this field, which uses annual time series or ...
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Incentives and quota prices in an emission trading scheme with updating
Discussion Papers no. 495
Emission trading schemes where allocations are based on updated baseline emissions give firms less incentives to reduce emissions. Nevertheless, according to Böhringer and Lange (2005a), such allocation schemes are cost-effective if the s...
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When is mighty Gazprom good for Russia
Discussion Papers no. 526
Publikasjon -
When is mighty Gazprom good for Russia
Discussion Papers no. 526
In the late 1990s, several proposals for a structural reform that would bring competition and market prices to the Russian gas industry were intensely debated. Splitting up Russian gas monopolist Gazprom into several producing companies w...
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Ecology and economy in the Arctic
Discussion Papers no. 525
Publikasjon -
Ecology and economy in the Arctic
Discussion Papers no. 525
Climate change impacts in the Arctic require that complex relationships between the economy, the environment, and the living conditions of indigenous and local people be taken into account. While traditional approaches to economic valuati...
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Pension reform in Norway
Discussion Papers no. 524
Publikasjon -
Pension reform in Norway
Discussion Papers no. 524
A much higher old-age dependency ratio, together with more generous pension benefits, will lead to a substantial increase in the future public pension expenditures burden in Norway. A pension reform implemented from 2010 will imply a shif...
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