Content
About the statistics
Definitions
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Name and topic
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Name: Norwegian cultural barometer
Topic: Culture and recreation
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Responsible division
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Division for Education and Culture Statistics
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Definitions of the main concepts and variables
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Not relevant
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Standard classifications
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Age
Persons are grouped by age at the end of the years in which the main part of the interviews was completed.
Region
The regions cover the following counties:
Oslo/Akershus
Rest of Østlandet: Østfold, Vestfold, Hedmark, Oppland, Buskerud and Telemark
Agder and Rogaland: Aust-Agder, Vest-Agder and Rogaland
Vestlandet: Hordaland, Sogn og Fjordane, Møre og Romsdal
Trøndelag: Sør-Trøndelag and Nord-Trøndelag
Nord-Norge: Nordland, Troms and Finnmark.
Area of residence
Persons are grouped as living in sparsely populated areas or in densely populated areas of different size. Sparsely populated area include clusters of houses with less than 200 inhabitants in addition to scattered residence. A densely populated area is an area with 200 inhabitants or more where the distance between the houses - as a main rule - does not exceed 50 meters.
Family cycle phase
Persons are grouped mainly by age, marital status and whether the person has children. There is a distinction between singles and couples, where couple include both married and cohabitants. The concept single persons do not refer to persons living alone in the household.
The groups with children consist of persons living with their own child(ren) (including stepchildren and adopted children) aged 0-19 years in the household.
Sosioeconomic status
The classification of occupation from 2000 i based on" Standard for yrkesklassifisering (NOS C 521).
Occupation group 1-2: (1) Administrative leaders and politicians, (2) Academic professions.
Occupation group 3: Occupation with shorter college and university education and technicians
Occupation group 4-5: (4) Office and customer service occupation, (5) Business, service and caretaking occupation
Occupation group 6-9: (6) Farming, forestry and fishery, (7) Craftsmen etc., (8) Process- and
machine operaterr and transport workers etc., (9) Occupation without any demand for education
In occupation 0: Military education and no registration, the rank and file are classified in education group 9, Officers 1are classified in occupation group 3 and Officers 2 ar classified in occupation group 1-2 .
The classification is otherwise based on Standard for inndeling etter sosioøkonomisk status (Standard for norsk statistikk nr. 5). Socioeconomic status is calculated for the age group 16-79 years.
Education
Level of education is calculated on the basis of information about all-round education and vocational training. The classification is built on "Standard for utdanningsgruppering i offentlig norsk statistikk (Standarder for norsk statistikk nr. 7)".
Education is calculated for the age group 16-79 years. The following classification is used::
Primary and lower secondary education : Includes 1.- 10. class.
Upper secondary education : Includes secondary education 11.-13. class.
Tertiary education, short : Includes higher education four years or shorter.
Tertiary education, long : Includes higher education more than four years.
Administrative information
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Regional level
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Representative for the country, numbers are given for region and degree of urban/rural area.
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Frequency and timeliness
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Media use surveys every year. Kulture use surveys, that is an addition to the media use survey, has been conducted in 1991, 1994, 1997, 2000, 2004 and 2008.
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International reporting
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None
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Microdata
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The surveys are available through Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD)
Background
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Background and purpose
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The aim has been to collect data from the population to measure use and penetration of mass media and culture. This type of surveys was for the first time conducted in 1991 and has after that been followed up with minor changes. Earlier Statistics Norway has conducted listening and viewing surveys for Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation since the latter part of the 1960s. There have also been some questions in the living condition surveys about culture use since the 1970s.
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Users and applications
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Major users have been Ministry of Culture and Norwegian Culture Counsel. Both instances have taken part in financing the surveys. Telenor has financed the questions about use of information an communication technology and has used these data frequently. It is Medietilsynet that is responsible for financing the media part of the survey and the Ministry of Culture that takes care of the culture part. Institute for Journalism has used the data frequently and the data are an important part of NORDICOMs media reporting "MedieNorge". The data are much used among persons in the media profession and in the culture field.
The data are specially used to show who are the users of media and culture and the development in these fields from year to year.
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Equal treatment of users
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No external users have access to the statistics and analyses before they are published and accessible simultaneously for all users on ssb.no at 08:00 am. Prior to this, a minimum of three months' advance notice is given in the Statistics Release Calendar. This is one of Statistics Norway’s key principles for ensuring that all users are treated equally.
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Coherence with other statistics
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The culture and media use surveys are independent surveys and can not be directly connected to other statistics.
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Legal authority
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Volunteer
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EEA reference
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None
Production
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Population
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The population is a representative sample of the Norwegian population at the age of 9-79 years. All persons who join the survey are interviewed about their media and culture use and what kind of access they have for such offers. The interview for the mass media use survey lasts about 25 minutes. The questions about culture use takes about 10-15 minutes and are added.
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Data sources and sampling
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The culture and media use survey is an independent survey. In the last surveys education and native country are connected form the education registre and the population register.
For the survey a national representative sample is drawn, at the size from 2600 to 2800 persons at the age of 9-79 years. The net sample is slightly below 2000 persons.
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Collection of data, editing and estimations
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Telephone interview by CATI.
The data collection is made by use of computer-assisted interviews. Hence several procedures for electronic control of the registration of answers are included in the questionnaire. In some cases the interviewer get a "warning" when recording an answer, in other cases maximum values have been set beforehand that cannot be exceeded. Only valid answer categories are allowed.
The survey is based on answers from respondents an estimation is not made in connection with the answers.
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Seasonal adjustment
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Not relevant
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Confidentiality
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All who work at Statistics Norway have professional secrecy. The survey is conducted under legal rules and Statistics Norway is subject to both the Norwegian data supervision and the internal safety deputy. It will never be known outside Statistics Norway what kind of answers single persons have given to the questions.
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Comparability over time and space
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Mainly there is comparability from the survey in 1991. In cases there is a deviation in comparability, it is mentioned in the publications.
Accuracy and reliability
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Sources of error and uncertainty
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Variance
The uncertainty of the findings based only a part of the population is often called sampling variance. Standard deviation is a measure of this uncertainty. The size of standard deviation depends, among other factors, on the number of observation in the sample, and on the distribution of the current variable in the whole population.
Statistic Norway has not made exact calculations to compute standard deviation for the finding. However, in table 1, the approximate size of standard deviation is given for observed percentages.
To illustrate the uncertainty associated with a percentage, we can use an interval to give the level of the true value of an estimated quantity (the value obtained if making observation on the whole population instead of observation based on a part of the population). Such intervals are called confidence intervals if constructed in a special way. In this connection one can use the following method: let M be the estimated quantity, and S the estimate of standard deviation of M. The confidence interval will be an interval with limits (M - 2۰S) and (M + 2۰S).
This method will give, with approximately 95 per cent probability, an interval containing the true value.
The following example illustrates the use of table 1 for finding confidence intervals: The estimate of standard deviation of 70 percent is 2.5 when the estimate is based on 500 observations. The confidence interval for the true value has limits 70 ± 2·2.5, which means the interval, is from 65 to 75. Further, it is 95 per cent probability that the true value will be in the confidence interval, if the whole population had been into the survey.
Table a. Standard deviation in per cent
Number of observations
Per cent
5(95)
10(90)
15(85)
20(80)
25(75)
30(70)
35(65)
40(60)
45(55)
50(50)
50
3,8
5,2
6,2
6,9
7,5
7,9
8,3
8,5
8,6
8,7
75
3,1
4,2
5,1
5,7
6,1
6,5
6,8
6,9
7
7,1
100
2,7
3,7
4,4
4,9
5,3
5,6
5,8
6
6,1
6,1
150
2,2
3
3,6
4
4,3
4,6
4,8
4,9
5
5
200
1,9
2,6
3,1
3,5
3,8
4
4,1
4,2
4,3
4,3
250
1,7
2,3
2,8
3,1
3,4
3,6
3,7
3,8
3,9
3,9
300
1,5
2,1
2,5
2,8
3,1
3,2
3,4
3,5
3,5
3,5
400
1,3
1,8
2,2
2,5
2,7
2,8
2,9
3
3,1
3,1
600
1,1
1,5
1,8
2
2,2
2,3
2,4
2,5
2,5
2,5
800
0,9
1,3
1,6
1,7
1,9
2
2,1
2,1
2,2
2,2
1000
0,8
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,7
1,8
1,9
1,9
1,9
1,9
1500
0,7
1
1,1
1,3
1,4
1,5
1,5
1,6
1,6
1,6
2000
0,6
0,8
1
1,1
1,2
1,3
1,3
1,3
1,4
1,4
2500
0,5
0,7
0,9
1
1,1
1,1
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
3000
0,4
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
0,9
1
1
1
1
4000
0,4
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,8
0,9
0,9
1
1
1
Non-response
The response rate in the Culture and media use survey has the later years been between 60 and 65 per cent. If non response varies between groups it may cause the sample to be biased, and the sample is no longer representative of the population that is examined. How biased the sample is will vary with the variable considered. For further information about bias because of non response in the different surveys, look at the publications for the different surveys.
The surveys cover the four months March, June, September and December and all days of the week. In order to correct for bias in these periods, the numbers in the tables are weighted so that all periods are counted equally much. The years where both mass media use and culture use is included in the survey, a double sample of children 9-15 years is used. In the tables this age group is weighted down to half value, for the sample to be in line with the real population.
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Revision
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Not relevant