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Definitions

Name and topic: Name: Norwegian media barometer
Topic: Culture and recreation

Responsible division: Division for Education and Culture Statistics

Definitions of the main concepts and variables: Not relevant

Standard classifications

Age

Persons are grouped by age at the end of the years in which the main part of the interviews was completed.

Region

The regions cover the following counties in 2020:

Oslo/Viken

Innlandet

Agder og Sør-Østlandet

Vestlandet

Trøndelag

Nord-Norge

Area of residence

Persons are grouped as living in sparsely populated areas or in densely populated areas of different size. Sparsely populated area includes clusters of houses with less than 200 inhabitants in addition to scattered residence. A densely populated area is an area with 200 inhabitants or more where the distance between the houses - as a main rule - does not exceed 50 meters.

Family cycle phase

Persons are grouped mainly by age, marital status and whether the person has children. There is a distinction between singles and couples, where couple include both married and cohabitants. The concept single persons do not refer to persons living alone in the household.

The groups with children consist of persons living with their own child(ren) (including stepchildren and adopted children) aged 0-19 years in the household.

Total income for households

Income for households is the sum of employee, income from self-employment, property income and transfers received, before tax. In NOK.

Occupational status

The classification of occupation from 2000 i based on" Standard for yrkesklassifisering (NOS C 521).

Occupation group 1-2: (1) Administrative leaders and politicians, (2) Academic professions.

Occupation group 3: Occupation with shorter college and university education and technicians

Occupation group 4-5: (4) Office and customer service occupation, (5) Business, service and caretaking occupation

Occupation group 6-9: (6) Farming, forestry and fishery, (7) Craftsmen etc., (8) Process- and

machine operaterr and transport workers etc., (9) Occupation without any demand for education

In occupation 0: Military education and no registration, the rank and file are classified in education group 9, Officers 1 are classified in occupation group 3 and Officers 2 ar classified in occupation group 1-2 .

Other statuses: Includes those who do not belong in any of the other categories.

The classification is otherwise based on Standard for inndeling etter sosioøkonomisk status (Standard for norsk statistikk nr. 5). Socioeconomic status is calculated for the age group 16-79 years.

Education

Level of education is calculated on the basis of information about all-round education and vocational training. The classification is built on "Standard for utdanningsgruppering i offentlig norsk statistikk (Standarder for norsk statistikk nr. 7)".

Education is calculated for the age group 16-79 years. The following classification is used:

Primary and lower secondary education : Includes 1.- 10. class.

Upper secondary education : Includes secondary education 11.-13. class and vocational school.

Tertiary education, short : Includes higher education four years or shorter.

Tertiary education, long : Includes higher education more than four years.

Administrative information

Background

Background and purpose: This type of survey was first time conducted in 1991 and has been continued annually with updates to mirror the constant change in people's use of media. Previously, Statistics Norway has conducted listening and viewing surveys for Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation since the latter part of the 1960s. There have also been some questions in the living condition surveys about culture use since the 1970s.

Users and applications

Major users have been Ministry of Culture and the Norwegian Media Authority. The Norwegian Media Authority is responsible for financing the survey through the annual Fiscal Budget. Institute for Journalism has used the data frequently and the data are much used in the media industry.

The data is specially used to present timelines of the use of media over the years.

Equal treatment of users: No external users have access to the statistics and analyses before they are published and accessible simultaneously for all users on ssb.no at 08:00 am. Prior to this, a minimum of three months' advance notice is given in the Statistics Release Calendar. This is one of Statistics Norway’s key principles for ensuring that all users are treated equally.

Coherence with other statistics: The media use survey is an independent survey and can not be directly connected to other statistics.

Legal authority: Volunteer

EEA reference: None

Production

Population: The population is a representative sample of the Norwegian population at the age of 9-79 years. All persons who join the survey are interviewed about their media use and what kind of access they have for such offers. The interview for the mass media use survey lasts about 25 minutes.

Data sources and sampling

The media use survey is an independent survey. In the last surveys education and native country are connected from the education register and the population register.

For the survey a national representative sample is drawn, at the size from 2600 to 2800 persons at the age of 9-79 years. The net sample is slightly below 2000 persons.

Collection of data, editing and estimations

Telephone interview by CATI.

The data collection is made by use of computer-assisted interviews. Hence several procedures for electronic control of the registration of answers are included in the questionnaire. In some cases the interviewer get a "warning" when recording an answer, in other cases maximum values have been set beforehand that cannot be exceeded. Only valid answer categories are allowed.

The survey is based on answers from respondents an estimation is not made in connection with the answers.

Seasonal adjustment: Not relevant

Confidentiality: All employees at Statistics Norway have professional secrecy. The survey is conducted under legal rules and Statistics Norway is subject to both the Norwegian data supervision and the internal safety deputy. It will never be known outside Statistics Norway what kind of answers the interview respondents have given to the questions.

Comparability over time and space: Comparability from 1991. In cases there is a deviation in comparability, it is mentioned in the publications.

Accuracy and reliability

Sources of error and uncertainty

The gross sample is drawn in order to reflect the whole population, however, because non-response differs unequally in the different categories used, the net sample will not be fully representative. This bias will vary for different groups and variables in question. In order to adjust for some of the biases that the net sample in relation to the gross sample, figures in the tables are weighted. The following variables are included in the weighting for non-response: Gender, age, education and family size.

The uncertainty of the findings based only a part of the population is often called sampling variance. Standard deviation is a measure of this uncertainty. The size of standard deviation depends, among other factors, on the number of observation in the sample, and on the distribution of the current variable in the whole population.

Statistic Norway has not made exact calculations to compute standard deviation for the findings. However, in table 1, the approximate size of standard deviation is given for observed percentages.

To illustrate the uncertainty associated with a percentage, we can use an interval to give the level of the true value of an estimated quantity (the value obtained if making observation on the whole population instead of observation based on a part of the population). Such intervals are called confidence intervals if constructed in a special way. In this connection one can use the following method: let M be the estimated quantity, and S the estimate of standard deviation of M. The confidence interval will be an interval with limits (M - 2*S) and (M + 2*S).

This method will give, with approximately 95 per cent probability, an interval containing the true value.

The following example illustrates the use of table 1 for finding confidence intervals: The estimate of standard deviation of 70 percent is 1.0 when the estimate is based on 2000 observations. The confidence interval for the true value has limits 70 +- 2*1.0, which means the interval, is from 72 to 68 per cent.

Table 1. Standard deviation in per cent

Number of observations	Observed percentage
Number of observations	5(95)	10(90)	20(80)	30(70)	40(60)	50(50)
25	4,4	6,0	8,0	9,2	9,8	10,0
50	3,1	4,2	5,7	6,5	6,9	7,1
100	2,2	3,0	4,0	4,6	4,9	5,0
250	1,4	1,9	2,5	2,9	3,1	3,2
400	1,1	1,5	2,0	2,3	2,4	2,5
800	0,8	1,1	1,4	1,6	1,7	1,8
1 000	0,7	0,9	1,3	1,4	1,5	1,6
1 500	0,6	0,8	1,0	1,2	1,3	1,3
2 000	0,5	0,7	0,9	1,0	1,1	1,1
2 500	0,4	0,6	0,8	0,9	1,0	1,0

Revision: Not relevant

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Norwegian media barometer, 2010

About the statistics

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Accuracy and reliability

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