Income and wealth

This report describes the development in the concentration of personal market income and inequalityin the distribution of household disposable income in Norway in the period 2016–2022.

The purpose of this report is to contribute to the understanding of why persons are in low-income groups.

Under current regulations, fully disabled individuals can earn up to 0.4 times the basic amount in the National Insurance Scheme (G) without their benefits being reduced. Beyond this exempt income limit, benefits are typically reduced by approximately 66 kroner for every 100 kroner earned.

This report investigates and recommends alternative poverty measures that may supplement the standard measure of persistent poverty used by Statistics Norway.

The share of GDP has remained unchanged since 2019. At the end of 2021, the present value of Norwegian households accrued-to-date pension entitlements was estimated at approximately NOK 13 200 billion.

How taxation influences income mobility is largely a neglected topic. In this study we discuss the relationship between taxation and income mobility by analyzing both macro and micro data.

This report discusses the increased economic burden for Norwegian households following from increased interest rates in Norway.

In 2005 the four Nordic countries Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden all had about the same proportion of children in low-income households, which was among the lowest in Europe.

This paper presents novel methodological and empirical contributions to the child penalty literature. We propose a new estimator that combines elements from standard event study and instrumental variable estimators and demonstrate their relatedness.

This report calculates the total earnings over (large parts of) people’s lifetime – lifetime earnings – for different groups defined by their education.

The pension system in Norway ensures that everyone has a certain amount of pension assets when they retire. This report shows the value and distribution of this pension wealth for the Norwegian population in 2019 and 2020.

The expenditure method of Pissarides and Weber (1989) Journal of Public Economics, 39 (1), 17-32) shows how one backs out measure of income underreporting by the self-employed by using food consumption as trace of true income.

The purpose of this report is to investigate the differences between people staying outside employment, education and training for several years, compared to people being outside these activities for a shorter period.

Norwegian households have experienced unexpected price increases during 2022 on important goods, such as electricity and fuel, and the interest rate has been raised more than expected.

Most Norwegian households are financially relatively well-off. Income inequality has remained the same in 2020 as in 2017, and thus the disparity between those at the bottom of the income distribution and those at the top remained stable.

This report describes the composition and evolution of Norwegian farmers' income and compares the evolution of farmers' and farm households' income to the evolution of income for other groups of non-farm individuals and households.

This paper examines the substitution between pension wealth and household saving by studying Norway’s 2011 pension reform.

The aim of this report is to provide insight into how interest-bearing unsecured debt has developed in different segments of the population during the period 2019–2021. We have chosen to focus on the interest-bearing part of the unsecured debt because we presume that the interest-free part does not lead to social problems to any great extent.

Previous literature has found that extending the suffrage to both females and poorer voters increases the supply of public goods.

This paper introduces a theory-based equivalence scale for public in-kind transfers, which justifies comparison of distributions of extended income (cash income plus the value of public services) between European countries.

This report describes the development in inequality in Norway in the period 2001–2018. We study inequality in income and wealth, the distribution of the tax burden, and the degree of progressivity in the tax system.