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Statistics about
Global value chains and outsourcing
The statistics Global value chains and outsourcing show how Norwegian enterprises move their business functions abroad, and how this affects jobs and opportunities to create new jobs in Norway. The survey also explores Norwegian enterprises participation in global value chains.
Selected figures from this statistics
- Share of outsourced business functions per business industry, as a percentageDownload table as ...Share of outsourced business functions per business industry, as a percentage
2018-2020 Alle All industries 100.0 B Mining and quarrying : C Manufacturing 18.3 D Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply . E Water supply, sewerage, waste . F Construction : G Wholesale and retail trade: repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 27.4 H Transportation and storage 6.5 I Accommodation and food service activities . J Information and communication 17.0 K Financial and insurance activities 4.8 L Real estate activities . M Professional, scientific and technical activities 16.5 N Administrative and support service activities 5.2 Explanation of symbolsDownload table as ... - Enterprises with outsourcing of business activities, by destinationDownload table as ...Enterprises with outsourcing of business activities, by destination
All countries EU United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the) EFTA and European countries outside EU/EFTA, plus Türkiye USA and Canada Latin America and the Caribbean China India Asia except China and India, and Oceania Africa Unspecified 2018-2020 Business functions in total 230 194 20 21 : . : 50 17 . . Production of goods and services 40 29 : 6 : . : . : . . Transport, logistics and storage 35 31 : : . . . : : . . Marketing, sales, and after-sales service 60 54 9 13 10 . . : : . . Information technology 84 62 10 : : . . 27 : . . Management and administration 99 91 6 : 6 . . 8 : . . Engineering and related technical services 41 30 : : : . . 11 : . . Research and development 15 13 . : : . . : : . . Other business functions 51 32 . : : . : 13 : . . Explanation of symbolsDownload table as ... - Motivations for outsourcing, by level of importanceDownload table as ...Motivations for outsourcing, by level of importance
Very high Moderate None Do not know / Do not want to answer 2018-2020 Reduction of labor costs 34.7 40.3 20.3 4.7 Reduction of other costs not related to labour 14.8 43.2 35.6 6.4 Access to new markets 5.0 14.7 69.3 10.9 Lack of qualified labor in Norway 6.4 16.5 70.3 6.8 Access to specialized knowledge/technologies 6.7 34.5 54.2 4.6 Improved product quality or new products 3.8 23.3 65.3 7.6 Focus on core business 16.8 33.6 44.1 5.5 Reduce delivery times 9.3 34.6 48.5 7.6 Less regulation (e.g. enviromental regulation) 0.8 5.5 76.4 17.3 Strategic decisions by group head (parent company/headquarter) 60.8 15.2 21.1 3.0 Covid-19 related effects 0.8 6.3 89.6 3.3 Explanation of symbolsDownload table as ... - Barriers for outsourcing, by level of importanceDownload table as ...Barriers for outsourcing, by level of importance
Very high Moderate None Do not know / Do not want to answer 2018-2020 Legal or administrative barriers 5.0 33.2 49.0 12.8 Tax barriers 2.4 15.9 64.1 17.6 Tariffs and other trade barriers 1.7 10.1 69.0 19.2 Access to finance or other financial barriers 1.3 8.7 74.8 15.1 Culture and language barriers 5.4 47.5 36.9 10.2 Distance to existing clients 4.4 29.8 55.3 10.5 Difficulty in identifying suitable providers abroad 1.0 8.1 75.8 15.2 Uncertainty of the quality of the products/services to be supplied abroad 2.0 39.2 48.0 10.8 Lack of qualified labour abroad 0.7 21.3 64.9 13.2 Concerns of employees (including trade unions) 6.7 28.2 52.3 12.8 Concerns of the sourcing operation exceeding expected benefits 6.1 37.8 42.2 13.9 Covid-19 related concerns and issues 1.7 12.8 76.1 9.4 Explanation of symbolsDownload table as ... - Participation in global value chains, import and export, by goods and services, and destinationDownload table as ...Participation in global value chains, import and export, by goods and services, and destination
Imports Exports All countries EU EFTA and European countries outside EU/EFTA, plus Türkiye Countries outside Europe All countries EU EFTA and European countries outside EU/EFTA, plus Türkiye Countries outside Europe 2018-2020 Goods and/or materials, total 1 276 1 227 493 537 582 551 317 310 Raw materials for own or foreign enterprises' prosesses 485 463 192 207 92 89 41 37 Components to own or foreign enterprises' products 476 454 159 201 113 97 69 68 Machines and other technical equiptment for internal use 477 446 141 133 89 81 42 48 Finished goods, own design, intended for resale 224 196 50 91 275 259 161 169 Finished goods, designed by others, intended for resale 482 437 150 200 171 159 85 78 Other goods 402 381 169 162 141 132 75 66 Services in all 865 809 401 311 632 580 345 296 Transport, logistics and storage 256 245 110 92 110 101 69 53 Marketing, sales, and after-sales service 197 184 70 51 81 74 26 16 Information technology 421 395 142 120 149 143 73 60 Management and administration 260 245 63 45 121 113 43 37 Engineering and related technical services 239 216 84 73 156 139 87 97 Research and development 114 97 56 44 99 87 51 42 Other services 215 197 111 90 159 150 105 81 Explanation of symbolsDownload table as ...
About the statistics
The information under «About the statistics» was last updated 4 March 2024.
Global value chains
Global value chains are processes for production of goods and services that take place in several countries. Enterprises increasingly organize their production globally, breaking up their value chains into smaller parts supplied by a growing number of providers located worldwide. Outsourcing of business functions is a key feature of global value chains (GVCs) as European businesses increasingly globalize their production processes (Eurostat).
Outsourcing
Full or partial transfer of business functions (core or support functions) which are currently carried out in Norway, to enterprises within or outside the enterprise group located abroad.
Backsourcing
Full or partial transfer of business functions (core or support functions) which are currently carried out within or outside the enterprise group abroad, to Norway.
Import
Expenses for purchases from foreign suppliers. The country of import is the country of registration of the foreign supplier.
Export
Revenues from sales to foreign customers. The country of export is the country of registration of the foreign customer.
Concern
In this survey, we mean enterprises that are related to each other, such as parent company, subsidiary, sister company, and daughter company, etc.
- The parent company is a company that, directly or indirectly, has control over the other entities in the group.
- Subsidiary is a company in which the parent company has direct control.
- A daughter company is a company in which a subsidiary has direct control, while the parent company has indirect control.
- By control, we mean more than 50 per cent ownership interest in another company.
The use of common standards is important in economic statistics as this makes it possible to compare and analyze statistical data across national borders and over time.
Standard Industrial Classification
The statistics are published according to the Standard Industrial Classification 2007 (SIC2007). SIC2007 complies with the EU standard, NACE Rev. 2. SN2007 forms the basis for the classification of units by most important activity in the Central Register of Establishments and Enterprises (CRE).
Country
Follows the international standard ISO-3166-1 alfa-2. The codes are defined in Statistics Norway's Classification of country codes.